2.3 Olefin sulfonate
Sodium olefin sulfonate waa nooc ka mid ah surfactant sulfonate oo ay diyaarisay sulfonating olefins sida alaabta ceeriin leh sulfur trioxide. Marka loo eego booska dammaanadda labajibbaaran, waxa loo qaybin karaa a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS) iyo Sodium Internal olefin sulfonate (IOS).
2.3.1 a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS)
AOS waa nooc ka mid ah surfactants sulfonate oo laga helo a-olefins (sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo C14 ~ C18 olefins) iyada oo loo marayo sulfonation, dhexdhexaadinta iyo hydrolysis. AOS waa nooc kale oo ah surfactant baaxad weyn oo la soo saaray ka dib LAS iyo AES. AOS dhab ahaantii waa isku dhafka sodium alkenyl sulfonate (60% ~ 70%), sodium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate (30%) iyo sodium disulfonate (0 ~ 10%). Alaabtu inta badan waxay u timaadaa laba nooc: 35 % dareere ah iyo 92% oo budo ah.
Silsiladda kaarboonka sare ee AOS(C2024AOS) waxay leedahay awood xidhid wanaagsan oo daadad xumbo heerkulkeedu sarreeyo, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay yeelato rajooyin codsi oo wanaagsan.
2.3.2 Sodium gudaha olefin sulfonate (IOS)
Internal olefin sulfonate (oo loo yaqaan IOS) waa nooc ka mid ah surfactant sulfonate oo laga helo olefin gudaha ah iyada oo loo marayo sulfonation, dhexdhexaadin iyo hydrolysis. Saamiga sodium hydroxy sulfonate ilaa sodium alkenyl sulfonate ee alaabta IOS waxay kuxirantahay haddii da'da ay dhacdo ka dib sulfonation: haddii olefin gudaha si toos ah loo dhexdhexaadiyo ka dib sulfonation iyada oo aan gabow lahayn, badeecaddu waxay ka kooban tahay 90% hydroxy sulfonic acid Sodium iyo 10% sodium alkenyl sulfonate; haddii olefin gudaha ah la dhexdhexaadiyo ka dib sulfonation iyo gabowga, waxa ku jira sodium hydroxysulfonate ee alaabta ayaa hoos u dhigi doonta, maadada sodium alkenyl sulfonate ayaa kordhi doonta, iyo saliidda bilaashka ah iyo cusbada aan dabiiciga ahayn Waxa kale oo kor u kaca. Intaa waxaa dheer, kooxda sulfonic acid ee IOS waxay ku yaalaan bartamaha silsiladda kaarboon, samaynta sulfonate olefin gudaha ah oo leh qaab-dhismeedka "silsiladda dabada hydrophobic labanlaab". Alaabooyinka IOS way ka madow yihiin midabka AOS waxaana inta badan lagu isticmaalaa qaybaha warshadaha qaarkood.
2.4 Sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate
Sodium fatty acid methyl sulfonate (MES) sida caadiga ah waa nooc ka mid ah surfactant laga helo C16 ~ 18 fatty acid methyl ester iyada oo loo marayo SO3 sulfonation, gabowga, dib-u-esterification bleaching, iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Farqiga u dhexeeya farsamada wax-soo-saarka ayaa inta badan ku jira bleaching iyo esterification. Habka isku xigxiga ee habka kiimikaad waxaa loo nisbayn karaa biliijing aashitada, biliij dhexdhexaad ah iyo tignoolajiyada nadiifinta sare. MES waxay leedahay awood sun-saarid wanaagsan, saabuunta kaalshiyamku waa kala firdhisaa awoodda, wayna fududahay in la nadiifiyo.