Diyaarinta emulsion qurxinta

Solubilization ee xaddi yar oo saliid ah oo la mid ah oo lagu luqluqdo iyo qaabaynta shaambada waxay muujinaysaa sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee emulsification kuwaas oo alkyl polyglycosides ay tahay in la filayo inay muujiyaan sida surfactants nonionic. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, faham sax ah oo ku saabsan habdhaqanka wajiga ee hababka kala duwan ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah si loo qiimeeyo alkyl polyglycosides sida emulsifiers awood leh oo lagu daro coemulsifiers hydrophobic ku habboon. Guud ahaan, dhaqdhaqaaqa isdhexgalka ee alkyl polyglycosides waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa dhererka silsiladda carbon iyo, ilaa xad yar, heerka polymerization (DP). Dhaqdhaqaaqa wejigu wuxuu kordhiyaa dhererka silsiladda alkyl wuxuuna joogaa kiisa ugu sarreeya ee u dhow ama ka sarreeya CMC oo qiimihiisu ka hooseeyo 1 mN/m. Isku xirka saliidda biyaha / macdanta, C12-14 APG waxay muujinaysaa xiisad hoose oo ka hooseeya C12-14 alkyl sulfate lnterfacial xiisadaha n-decane, isopropyl myristate iyo 2-octyl dodecanol ayaa lagu qiyaasay alkyl monoglucosides saafi ah (C8, C10, C12) iyo ku tiirsanaanta saliidda ee polyglycosides lagu tilmaamay. Silsilad dhexdhexaad ah alkyl polyglycosides ayaa loo isticmaali karaa emulsifiers o/w emulsifiers oo ay weheliso hydrophobic co emulsifiers.

Alkyl polyglycosides waxay ka duwan tahay ethoxylated nonionic surfactants in aysan ku dhicin isbeddelka heerkulka-ku-beddelka wajiga saliidda-biyaha (O / W) ilaa saliid-biiyaha (W / O). mono-laurate (SML) .Xaqiiqdii, dabeecadda wajiga iyo xiisadda isdhexgalka ee nidaamka emulsifier alkyl polyglycoside waxay aad ugu eg yihiin kuwa nidaamka ethoxylates ee khamriga dufanka caadiga ah haddii saamiga isku-dhafka ah ee emulsifier hydrophilic / lipophilic ee nidaamka aan-ethoxylated loo isticmaalo halkii heerkulku yahay heerka dabeecadda wajiga muhiimka ah.

Nidaamka loogu talagalay dodecane, biyaha, Lauryl Glucoside iyo Sorbitan Laurate sida coemulsifier hydrophobic waxay sameeyaan microemulsions saamiga isku dhafka qaarkood ee C12-14 APG ilaa SML ee 4: 6 ilaa 6: 4 (Jaantuska 1). Waxyaabaha sare ee SML waxay u horseedaan w/o emulsions halka alkyl polyglycoside ka kooban yahay o/w emulsions. Kala duwanaanshaha wadarta fiirsashada emulsifier waxay keenaysaa waxa loogu yeero "Kahlweit fish" ee jaantuska wajiga, jirka oo ka kooban saddex-waji microemulsions iyo dabada hal-waji microemulsions, sida lagu arkay emulsifiers ethoxylated sida heerkulka. Awoodda emulsifying sare ee C12-14 APG / SML nidaamka isku dhafka ah ee khamriga xitaa marka la barbar dhigo khamriga. 10 % isku dhafka emulsifier-ga ayaa ku filan inuu sameeyo mikroemulsion-hal-waji ah.

Isku midka ah qaababka rogrogga wajiga ee labada nooc ee surfactant kaliya kuma koobna habdhaqanka wajiga, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa xiisadda isdhexgalka ee nidaamka emulsifying. The hydrophilic - lipophilic guryaha ee emulsifier isku dar ah ayaa la gaaray dheellitirka marka saamiga C12-14 APG / SML uu ahaa 4: 6, iyo xiisadda isdhexgalka ayaa ahayd tan ugu hooseysa. Waxaa xusid mudan, xiisadda ugu yar ee wajiyada dhexdooda ah (qiyaastii 10^-3mN/m) ayaa lagu arkay iyadoo la isticmaalayo isku dhafka C12-14 APG/SML

Waxaa ka mid ah alkyl glycosides oo ay ku jiraan microemulsions, sababta dhaqdhaqaaqa sare ee isdhexgalka ayaa ah in hydrophilic alkyl glycosides oo leh kooxo waaweyn oo glucoside-madaxa iyo hydrophobic co-emulsifiers oo leh kooxo yaryar ayaa lagu qasi karaa isdhexgalka saliidda-biyaha ee saamiga ugu fiican. Fuuq-baxa (iyo cabbirka waxtarka leh ee madaxa fuuqbaxa) ayaa ka yar ku tiirsanaanta heerkulka marka loo eego kiiska ethoxylated nonionic surfactants. Sidaa darteed, xiisadda isbarbar-dhigga ee isbarbar-dhigga ah ayaa lagu arkay kaliya dabeecadda heerkulka ku-tiirsanaanta yar ee isku-darka emulsifier-ka aan-ethoxylated.

Tani waxay bixisaa codsiyo xiiso leh sababtoo ah, si ka duwan ethoxylates aalkolada dufanka leh, alkyl glycosides waxay sameyn karaan microemulsions heerkul-deggan. Iyada oo lagu kala duwan yahay nuxurka surfactant, nooca surfactant la isticmaalo, iyo saamiga saliidda / biyaha, microemulsions waxaa lagu soo saari karaa sifooyin gaar ah, sida hufnaanta, viscosity, saamaynta wax ka beddelka, iyo guryaha xumbo. Co-emulsifier ee nidaamka isku-dhafka ah ee alkyl ether sulphate iyo non-ion, aagga microemulsion ee la balaariyay ayaa la arkay, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo qayb ka mid ah saliid-biyo-biyoodka.

Qiimayn ayaa lagu sameeyay saddex xagal wejiga pseudoternary ee habab badan oo ka kooban alkyl polyglycoside/SLES iyo SML oo leh hydrocarbon (Dioctyl Cyclohexane) iyo alkyl polyglycoside/SLES iyo GMO oo leh saliidaha dabaysha (Dicaprylyl Ether/Octyl Dodecanol) ee wejiyada laba geesoodka ah iyo wejiyada lamellar iyadoo ku xiran tahay qaabka kiimikada iyo saamiga isku dhafka ah ee qaybaha. Haddii saddexagalkan wejiga ah ay ku kor dul saaran yihiin saddexagalka waxqabadka isku midka ah ee tilmaamaya tusaale ahaan dhaqanka xumboynta iyo sifooyinka viscosity ee isku darka u dhigma, waxay siiyeen gargaar qiimo leh soo-saare si uu u helo qaab-dhismeedka microemulsion gaar ah oo si fiican loo nashqadeeyey tusaale nadiifiyeyaasha wejiga ama qubayska xumbo dib u soo celiya. Tusaale ahaan, qaabaynta microemulsion ku habboon ee dib-u-faafinta xumbo-xumada ayaa laga soo saari karaa saddex-xagalka wajiga.